Digital Economics Summer School. 6th Edition
AFREN (French Association of Research in Digital Economics), with the support of the Innovation & Regulation in Digital Services Chair, organize the 6th edition of the Digital Economics Summer School. This event will take place in La Rochelle, July 4-5, 2019.
The film industry faces the digital transition.
Economic issues and regulation
The film industry has evolved considerably with the emergence of the digital technologies: digitization of theaters, new video-on-demand offers with new economic players. Changes have paved the way for new entrants, especially GAFAN OTTs, first in distribution and now in production. It has accelerated the forms of globalization of supply.
These are the challenges that the conference organized by the Innovation and Regulation in Digital Services Chair in Paris, April 18th, 2019, intends to explore through various academic approaches and exchanges with representatives of the film industry.
AFREN (French Association of Research in Digital Economics), with the support of the Innovation & Regulation in Digital Services, organize the 6th edition of the Digital Economics Summer School. This event will take place in La Rochelle, July 4-5, 2019.
The programme is now available and registrations are open
The challenges for the film industry facing the digital transition were addressed during the conference organized by the Innovation & Regulation Chair of Digital Services on April 18, 2019. Academics and professionals joined forces to present the situation of this industry at national, European and international levels. These developments particularly affect France, which has built its « exception » and « cultural diversity » on an original and powerful model of cinema financing. This model is challenged since these changes have opened the door to new entrants, especially OTTs from GAFAN, first in distribution and now in production. It has accelerated globalization of supply.
A short report of the debates is available with access to the various presentations and references mentioned during this day.
In connection with this conference, the journal « Réseaux » will publish an upcoming issue dedicated to cinema.
The Information Economics and Policy Journal will publish a special issue on Antitrust in the Digital Economy. A Special Issue Workshop will be held at Telecom ParisTech, Paris, France, in the winter of 2019-2020. Authors of R&R manuscripts will be invited to present their papers and react to their colleagues’ papers during the workshop.
Yossi Spiegel, Tel Aviv University, and Joel Waldfogel, University of Minnesota invite submissions to this special issue
The Innovation and Regulation Chair of Digital Services organized the 11th conference on Digital Economics. This conference took place on 5-6 April, 2019, in Paris, France.
This year, the two keynote speakers were:
More than twenty researchers presented their theritical or empirical works on the Gig economy, Data and antitrust, Digital platforms, Media economics,…
See the programme
The 6th doctoral workshop in Digital Economics of AFREN (the French Association on Research in Digital Economics), supported by the Innovation & Regulation in Digital Services, took place October 15th in Telecom-ParisTech, with about 30 reserchers coming from different unversities. 15 of them presented their works on various themes : economics of platforms, data brokers strategy, mergers impact on innovation, on line learning platforms, …
Telecom-ParisTech, with the support of the Innovation & Regulation in Digital Services Chair, organized, October 5, a seminar on the “New directions in spectrum assignment for 5G”. Recent studies suggest that the conventional approach to licensing spectrum has not directly achieved connectivity policy objectives.
This interactive seminar, coordinated by Gérard Pogorel, (Telecom ParisTech, and CNRS Interdisciplinary Innovation Institute -CNRS I3-DSES) aimed at sharing experiences and points of view of European countries and Japan.
The seminar was introduced by François Rancy Directeur UIT-R.
During a first session, moderated by Pierre-Jean Benghozi, Ecole Polytechnique and ARCEP, the seminar proposed presentations from Eric Fournier, ANFr, Chairman CEPT-ECC, Erik Bohlin, Chalmers University, Gabriel Solomon, Ercsson France et Marc Bourreau, Telecom-ParisTech. These presentations were discussed by Martin Cave, LSE, Francesco Nonno, Open Fiber Italy, and Alberto Zilo, ATT Europe.
A second session, moderated by Teodosio PerezAmaral, Universidad Complutense Madrid, proposed presentations from Pierre-Jean Benghozi, Ecole Polytechnique and ARCEP, Kiyotaka Yuguchi, Sagami Women’s University, Tokyo, Martin Cave, LSE, Gérard Pogorel, Telecom-ParisTech and CNRS, and Marc Lebourges, Orange.
The presentations are now available.
The 5th edition of the AFREN Digital Summer School, supported by the Innovation & Regulation in Digital Services Chair, was held at the University of Montpellier on June 28 and 29, 2018.
More than 20 research papers were presented on a wide variety of topics: networks, platforms, cybersecurity, blockchain, sharing economy, algorithms bias, press digitization, smart cities, etc.
Paris
–The Innovation and Regulation Chair of Digital Services organized its 10th conference on Digital Economics (previously the Conference on the Economics of Information and Communication Technologies) last April 6 and 7, 2018. This conference brought together about fifty digital economy researchers from different countries. The quality of the work presented, both theoretical and empirical, has been remarkable. A wide variety of topics were discussed: platform economics, broadband economy, innovation, the economic impact of big data, privacy, social networks, etc.
The two keynote speakers this year were Neil Gandal from Tel Aviv University and Markus Reisinger from the University of Frankfurt. Neil Gandal presented empirical research that seeks to quantify the importance of networks among innovators in the diffusion of technological knowledge. Markus Reisinger presented theoretical research on the impact that price personalization (enabled by access to large amounts of data) can have on producers’ distribution choices (own distribution network vs downstream external distribution network).
Paris
–On April 5, 2018, a workshop was organized as part of the work of the Innovation & Regulation Chair in Digital Services on « platform economics and e-commerce », with presentations by researchers from CREST and Telecom ParisTech as well as some visiting researchers, including Frank Verboven, former titular professor of the Chair. Thirty researchers, juniors or seniors, attended this workshop. The work presented focused on the impact of online travel agencies such as Booking or Expedia on the economy of the hotel industry, the impact of e-commerce on price convergence within the European Union and big data as a source of market power.
Paris
–The Innovation & Regulation in Digital Services Chair with ENSAE Alumni organized, Thursday, March 15, 2018, a conference on Artificial Intelligence and its applications in various fields.
This symposium was attended by renowned public and private sector stakeholders with leading responsibilities in various fields of application of Artificial Intelligence:
Marco CUTURI, Professor at ENSAE-CREST, Guillaume DEVAUCHELLE (Innovation Director, Valeo), Laurence DEVILLERS (Professor, Paris-Sorbonne and LIMSI / CNRS), Jérôme LEMAIRE (Chief Engineer, Chargé de mission « intégration numérique, intelligence artificielle », Direction Générale de l’Armement), Nicolas LE RU (France Strategy), Antoinette ROUVROY (FRS, Research Center in Information , Law and Society, Namur University (Belgium), Member of the CNIL Foresight Committee), Gilbert SAPORTA (Emeritus Professor, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métieurs)
At the origin of its first edition, the Innovation & Regulation of Digital Services Chair supports every year the Digital Economics Summer School. The 5th edition will be held on 28 and 29 June 2018 at the Faculty of Economics of Montpellier (University of Montpellier). As every year, researchers and doctoral students are invited to submit their proposals (eco-numerique@umontpellier.fr). The deadlines are as follows:
– February 28, 2018: titles and abstracts of proposed papers.
– May 18, 2018: complete papers for sending to the rapporteurs.
More detail in the call for papers.
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The Innovation & Regulation in Digital Services Chair organize its 10th Conference on Digital Economics. This conference will take place on April 6-7, 2018, in Paris, France, at Telecom ParisTech.
Keynote Speakers: – Neil GANDAL (Tel Aviv University) & Markus REISINGER (Frankfurt School of Finance & Management)
Topics of Interest
Telecommunications – Internet and Software Industries – Regulation and Competition Policy of Digital Markets – Intellectual Property Rights – ICT, Productivity and Growth – Innovation and Standards – Internet and Search – Net Neutrality – Two-Sided Markets – Digital and Media Markets – Advertising – Privacy – E-commerce – ICT and Marketing – Networks and Pricing.
Submission Details
The deadline for submission of full papers is January 15, 2018. Articles should be submitted in PDF format to econict@telecom-paristech.fr. Notifications for acceptance will be sent out by end January 2018.
Conference Details
No conference fee will be charged. The “Innovation and Regulation in Digital Services” Chair will cover accommodation expenses of conference participants who present or discuss an accepted article. Participants can also apply for reimbursement of travel expenses.
Conference venue: Telecom ParisTech, Paris.
Email: econict@telecom-paristech.fr
Organizing committee: Marc BOURREAU – Lukasz GRZYBOWSKI – Vicente LAGOS – Ulrich LAITENBERGER – Christine ZULEHNER
Paris
–The Innovation & Regulation in Digital Services Chair organized, on 26 September 2017, in Paris, a Conference on 5G networks and services.
This conference welcomed Alain Sibille (Professor at Telecom ParisTech) and Marceau Coupechoux (Maître de Conférence at Telecom ParisTech), Jean-Louis Rougier and Philippe Martins (professors at Telecom ParisTech), Eric Hardouin (Orange) and Alain Servel (PSA). The afternoon presentations, starting at 2pm, will address public policy and regulatory issues with Gérard Pogorel (Professor Emeritus at Telecom ParisTech), Marc Bourreau (Professor of Economics at Telecom ParisTech) and Frédéric Pujol (Idate Digiworld )
The conference was concluded with a round table with Bernard Barani (European Commission), Jacques Stern (Member of the ARCEP College), Gilles Brégant (Director General of ANFR) and Jean-Pierre Bienaimé, Secretary General of the 5GPP.
Presentations are available here:
L’AFREN (Association Française de Recherche en Économie Numérique) organized a PhD Worshop, last October 16th with the support of the Innovation & Regulation Chair.
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Paris
–The 9th conference on Economics of Information and Communications Technologies, has been organized by the Innovation & Regulation in Digital Services Chair March 31-April 1th, 2017.
Volker Nocke (UCLA and University of Mannheim) and Frank Verboven (University of Leuven) were invited as keynote speakers.
Paris
–The Innovation & Regulation in Digital Services Chair supports, from its creation, the Digital Economics Summer Programme. About 50 researchers, coming from different universities and research centers in France, presented and discussed papers during this two days meeting.
This 4th edition was organized by Paris-Sud University and took place July 3rd and 4th 2017.
Organizing Committee: Grazia Cecere, Fabrice Le Guel, Matthieu Manant, Alain Rallet, Fabrice Rochelandet et Nicolas Soulié.
The previous editions were organized:
– in Nice, by CREDEG and Nice Sophia Antipolis University, May 30 and 31, 2016. Summer Programme 2016
– in Rennes, by the Innovation & Regulation in Digital Services Chair, together with Rennes 1 University, July 6th and 7th 2015, Summer Programme 2015
– in Paris, by the Innovation & Regulation in Digital Services Chair, July 7 and 8, 2014. Summer Programme – 2014
En 2018, la prochaine édition de l’école d’été se tiendra à Montpellier.
Paris
–Paris
–Having already spent two conferences on digital platforms, the first of which focused on the economic principles that govern their development, the second on the issue of their regulation, the Innovation & Regulation in Digital Services Chair is continuing its work on this topic. A third conferencewas organized last June 1st, 2016, focused on the economic activity of the platforms, the ecosystem transformations they generate, and the companies strategies and management to adapt to it.
These issues were discussed by Rémi Maniak, Professor, Ecole Polytechnique, Mounir Mahjoubi, founder of “La Ruche qui dit oui” and President of the Conseil National du Numérique, Yves Weisselberger, founder of Snapcar, Yves Tyrode, Digital Director and Communication at SNCF, and Vivek Badrinath, Deputy CEO, Accor Hotels.
A detailed report (in French) is now available.
28 of June 2016, Joshua Gans, Professor of Economics at the University of Toronto, has presented his new book “The Disruption Dilemma” during a conférence organized by the Innovation & Regulation in Digital Services Chair and in partnership with Hogan Lovells.
Professor Gans’ presentation has been followed by a roundtable discussion led by Nicolas Curien, Member of the CSA, Marc Bourreau, Professor of Economics at Télécom ParisTech, and Eric Paroche, partner at Hogan Lovells.
The seminar aimed at examining the notion of “disruption” through the lens of economics, regulation and competition law.
The Innovation & Regulation in Digital Services Chair organized, May 13th, 2016, a one day workshop on the Economics of Network Industries.
See the Program
From May 1st, 2016, we are pleased to welcome Christine Zulehner as Professor Titular of the Innovation & Regulation in Digital Services Chair, succeeding Frank Verboven.
Christine Zulehner is Professor at University of Vienna, Department of Economics, since 09/2017, as well as research staff member at Austrian Institute of Economic Research.
In the context of the research program of the Chair, Christine plans to develop research on:
– estimating demand for mobile tariffs/handsets
– market definition in the telecommunications industry, with implications for competition policy
Last November 18th, was held in Paris the Digital Enterprise Forum. The Chair Innovation & Regulation in Digital Services organized and moderated the “Research” session in which were proposed four presentations:
– Digitization at the heart of enterprises energetic and economic performances. Philippe Haik, Selin Nahle and François Saidi. ECE Paris
– Perspectives on IT strategy of the organizations in the hour of Cloud Computing. Sébastien Tran, ISC PAris, Paris Dauphine University, and Emmanuel Bertin, Orange Labs.
– Connected electric vehicles: Opportunities and Constraints. Yannick Perez, ParisSud University and Armand Peugeot Chair.
– The invisible work of the datas. Jérôme Denis. Télécom ParisTech.
Following the Summer Program in Digital Economy, organized in 2014 and 2015 by the Innovation & Regulation in Digital Services Chair, “La Revue d’Economie Industrielle” wish to devote a special issue to the digital economy and digital transformations in businesses and markets.
The Innovation and Regulation in Digital Services Chair organized, with the Pôle Medias – HEC Montreal, last September 21th, 2015, a conference on “attention economics“.
Abundance of digital services and globalization of competition, especially in cultural matters, renews the question of attention and its “capture”. In the digital environment the issue of attention has taken in recent years an increasing role in understanding the changes in media and culture economics.
“Technologies of attention” will have deployed, ranging from neuroscience to attentional psychology, neuromarketing to algorithms, along with the renewal of methodologies measuring audience, usage, memories, etc. As attention appears the foremost value of a primarily advertising supported economy to which, of course, the media, but also cultural sector are no exception, the economic and marketing dimensions are prevalent
Find here the presentation from:
Thierry Baccino, Directeur scientifique du Laboratoire des usages en technologies de l’information Numériques (LUTIN),
Sylvain Sénécal, Co-directeur, Professeur, Département du marketing, Tech3Lab,
Kevin Mellet, Economiste, Orange Labs,
Thomas Beauvisage, Orange Labs,
Philippe Tassi, Directeur général adjoint chez Mediametrie-eStat,
Dominique Boullier, Professeur, Directeur du MediaLab, Sciences Po,
Eric Scherer, France Télévions,
Alain Le Diberder, Directeur des programmes, ARTE.
The 8th conference on Economics of Information and Communications Technologies, organized by the Innovation & Regulation in Digital Services Chair took place in Paris, October 2 and 3, 2015. Academic researchers did present theoritical, empirical as well as policy-oriented articles.
Tommaso Valetti (Imperial College London) and Matthijs Wildenbeest (Kelley School of Business) were invited as keynote speakers.
See the Program
Paris
–After a first conference proposed in October 2014, on the economics of digital platforms, the Innovation & Regulation in Digital Services Chair, organized a second conference dedicated to regulation issues. Two real examples of digital platforms in the market for video games on one hand and on the distribution of pharmaceuticals, illustrated the debate that followed between the most relevant regulators: Competition Authority, ARCEP, CSA and the CNIL.
Thus, we could listen Cédric O’Neill, founder of ‘1001 pharmacies.com « andPierre Forest, founder of Metaboli, Marc Lebourges, Orange, Chairman of the ETNO Working Group « Competition Policy »before benefiting from presentations and discussion among regulatory authorities, represented at the highest level: Bruno Lasserre, Competition Authority Chairman, Sébastien Soriano, ARCEP Chairman, Nicolas Curien, CSA Member and Edouard Geffray, Secretary General of the CNIL.
We propose to find here a detailed report of all the presentations and debates held at the conference.
Paris
–The Innovation and Regulation in Digital Services Chair, organized, October 23rd, 2014 in Paris, a conference on:
“Economics of platforms: Regulating a dominant model?”
The economics of platforms and their regulation are today at the front of the stage: market expansion, domination of markets, innovation deployment, taxation, acquisitions, protection of personal data, diffusion of this model in industrial processes, etc. It is symptomatic that the concept is mobilized in different meanings in industrial economics, strategy and innovation management but also for new opportunities for regulation.
The digitization of the economy, having expanded from services to industrial processes, takes place through an economic and technical model which became dominant: the platform’s economy. It first appeared in economics of content and to address “economics of attention” and the issue of free services; but it is also used in the area of distribution, payment services, marketplaces, etc. Economics of platforms also spreads in several other service sectors and now the industry, particularly through logic modular aggregative and industrial production.
We had presentations from: Marc Bourreau, Telecom-ParisTech, Thierry Pénard, Rennes 1 University, Fabrice Rochelandet, Paris-Sorbonne Nouvelle University, Marie-Anne Frison-Roche, Professeure des Universités, ScincesPo Paris, Nathalie Sonnac, Paris Panthéon-Assas University, Thierry Rayna, Novancia Business School Paris, Alain Strowell, Saint-Louis University, Brussels, Benoît Thieulin, Conseil National du Numérique, Laurent Cytermann, Conseil d’Etat.
See the program.
The Chair proposed that first one-day conference to understand the evolution of this economy and be prepared to understand the basis of possible new forms of regulation. A second conference on these issues followed in 2015.
Paris
–The “Innovation & Regulation in Digital Services” Chair, organized, last June 16th, in Paris, a conference on “Economics of personal data”.
This conference welcomed: Alessandro Acquisti , Professor of Information Technology and Public Policy, Carnegie Mellon University, Frederico Etro, University of Venice, Paul Seabright, Toulouse School of Economics, Claire Levallois, Telecom ParisTech, “Values and Policies of personal informations” Chair, Nicolas Dubois, European Commission, Justice, Giacomo Luchetta, Centre for European Policy Studies, Patrick Waelbroeck, Télécom ParisTech, “Values and Policies of personal informations” Chair, Alain Rallet, Professor Emeritus, Université Paris-Sud, Winston Maxwell, Hogan Lovells LLP Paris, François Carlier, CLCV, Nicolas de Cordes, Orange, Celia Zolynski, Versailles Saint-Quentin University.
Nicolas Curien, associate researcher at the “Innovation & Regulation in Digital Services” Chair, is proposing to think about “Innovation & Regulation 2.0″ in an article to be published soon in the Cahiers de l’ARCEP. He explains his vision of an “open regulation” which, like “open innovation”, spreads beyond the regulator office, and secretes a “meta-regulation” whose purpose is to stimulate the market rather than only laying down the law.
Nicolas Curien, Innovation & Regulation 2.0. Cahiers de l’ARCEP, June 2014
The Innovation & Regulation in Digital Services Chair joined HEC Montreal for the organization of a conference on ‘Media et “Francophonie” Business models and new audience’, October 8, 2014. This conference intended to gather all players in the media industry directly affected by the issues and challenges they face, experts and academic researchers interested in the issues of convergence, organizational transformation, and emerging business models in the media sector. Thus, international experts, researchers and scholars, leaders and professionals in the media industry had a unique opportunity to exchange views, share their experiences and present their research on common issues.
Jointly with University College London and the Centre de Recherche en Gestion (CRG) de l’Ecole Polytechnique, the Innovation and Regulation in Digital Services Chair organized a research workshop in London, last March 19th, on the role of business models and ecosystems in leveraging technological changes.The aim of this workshop was to identify and foster new approaches to the traditional question of relationships among stakeholders in a given industrial sector : which role of new modes of governance, new ways of thinking cooperation and sharing of competences, and the role of innovation in fueling and transforming traditional partnership and creative processes.
Academics from the UK and France debated on this issues.
See the programme of this workshop and abstract of the presentations.
Research and innovation on robotics and autonomous systems open debates in various sectors as transportation, health, defense and security, personal assistance, information etc… Philosophy, anthropology, sociology, law … these are disciplines naturally invited to a shared reflection on regulatory issues raised by robotics and digital networks.
The Innovation & Regulation in Digital Services Chair organized, February 25th, 2014, in Paris, a research seminar to constitute a work and research program: the objective was to join together researchers and professionals on innovation and regulation on these domains.
Jean-Michel BESNIER, professor of philosophy, Paris IV – Sorbonne University, David FILLIAT, professor, ENSTA Paris Tech, Marie-Anne Frison-Roche, professor of economic law, Institute of Political Sciences in Paris, Alexei GRINBAUM, researcher at LARSIM laboratory, CEA-Saclay, Stéphanie LACOUR, researcher at CNRS, Centre for Studies on International Legal Cooperation (CECOJI) (CNRS / Université de Poitiers), Marina MAESTRUTTI, University of Paris I Panthéon-Sorbonne, presented their views and animate a pluridiciplinary work.
The Innovation and Regulation Chair with the “Engineering of Complex Systems” Chair from Ecole Polytechnique, organized, February 4th and 5th, 2014 a conference and tutorials on Digital Enterprise Design & Management.
The Innovation & Regulation Chair took part in the organization of the conference held last February 12 and 13, 2013 on Digital Entreprise Design & Management.
Some of the presentations :
Aligning Alignment with Strategic Context: A Literature review.
Kari Hiekkanen, Mika Helenius, Janne J. Korhonen, and Elisabete Patricio, Aalto University, Finland
An Enterprise Architecture and Data Quality Framework.
Jerome Capirossi, Pascal Rabier
Business Models, Symbionts and Business Ecosystem: A Case Study from E-commerce Industry in China
Wei Wei, Wuxiang Zhu and Guiping Lin
Can Agile Collaboration Practices Enhance Knowledge Creation Between Cross-Functional Teams?
Carine Khalil, Ecole Centrale, France, Valérie Fernandez and Thomas Houy, Télécom ParisTech, France
Hosted by the Innovation & Regulation Chair at Telecom ParisTech, this 2-day international conference gathered in Paris academic researchers involved in the field of the economics of Information & Communication Technologies. Theoretical, empirical as well as policy-oriented articles were presented on : Search Engine and Internet, Two-sided markets, Media, Net Neutrality, Broadband, Telecoms and Internet.
Organizing committee: Marc BOURREAU – Lukasz GRZYBOWSKI – Frank VERBOVEN
Keynote speakers:
Avi GOLDFARB (University of Toronto): “Crowdfunding and the Geography of Innovation”
Yossi SPIEGEL (Tel Aviv University): “Social Media and Buyers’Power: The Cottage Cheese Boycott”
See the detailed programme and papers of the conference
The Innovation & Regulation in Digital Services Chair organized, décember 4th, 2013, with Mosaic-Pôle Innovation et créativité – HEC Montréal, a one day conference on “the evolutions of video games ecosystems”.
Philippe Chantepie, Associate Researcher to the Chair, welcomed academics, professionals and institutionnals, to analyze and discuss the evolutions of the business models in the video games industry, and players’ value creation: clusters and associations. See the programme, and report of the debates.
Some presentations are available:
– Laurent Michaud : Business models and trends in the evolving market for video games.
– Jean-Paul Simon : Business models in (re)construction
– Peter Zackariasonn : On Creativity and Business models in the Video Game Industry
– Joe Cox : An empircal analysis of blockbuster video games
– Giudetta de Prato : The European ICT poles of excellence
We are pleased to announce that Professor Philippe Baumard, part of our team at the Chair Innovation & Regulation of Digital Services, expert in cybersecurity, is Laureate of the 2013 National innovation awards from OSEO in the “Creation – Development” category for his Akheros software development.
Akheros aims at the creation of a resident cybersecurity learning Bayesian network, which learns machines’ informational behavior and construct a central Bayesian network for each machine that anticipates, detects and prevent offensive incongruous behaviors of other machines. Based on Professor Baumard’s patents, Akheros creates resident cybersecurity learning Bayesian components, which learn machines’ informational behavior and construct a dedicated Bayesian networks for each machine that anticipates, detects and prevent offensive incongruous behaviors of other machines, such as Advanced Persistent Threats (APT), intrusions, system and network compromising and destructive attacks. The French public incubator Agoranov, in Paris, currently hosts Akheros.
Philippe Baumard (Professor, Aix-Marseille University and Innovation & Regulation in Digital Services Chair) organised with Lomonosov Moscow State University a conference on “Cyber-security and cyber-peacekeeping – French and Russian perspectives”
A.A.Streltsov, deputy director, Institute of Information Security Issues, Lomonosov Moscow State University, P.L.Pilugin, Director, Russian Institute Center of Internet monitoring, Frédérick Douzet, Chaire Castex IHEDN, Andrey Kulpin, IISI, LMSU, Eric Freyssinet, Head of the judiciary pole of Gendarmerie Nationale, et F.B Huygue, IRIS, will present views on cyber-security and cuber-defense.
See the programme.
The Innovation & Regulation in Digital Services Chair, organized, June 6th, 2013, a full day conference on “Radio stations at the digital age: stability, evolution or new age ?“. Academics and professionals, welcomed by Philippe Chantepie and Sylvain Lafrance, debated on all the impacts of digitization on the ecosystem of the radio stations. Programme of the conference.
Presentations available and a complete summary
Le numérique et l’écosystème de la radio, Frédéric Antoine, Professeur, Faculté des sciences économiques, sociales, politiques et de communication, UCL, Louvain
Development of digital radio broadcasting in Europe, Ala-FossiMarko,Professor, University of Tampere, Finland. School of Communication, Media and Theatre.
Nouveaux modèles économiques et innovation radiophonique, • AlbinoPedroia, consultant, fondateur de LabRadio et Ondes numériques
Since October 1 st, 2012, Frank Verboven succeeded to Tommaso Valletti as Titular Professor of Innovation & Régulation in Digital Services Chair. To mark this transition, Frank and Tommaso presented their work at a conference organised January 10th, 2013.
Tommaso made an assessment of its research projects conducted in the framework of the Chair: net neutrality and broadband access. On his side, Frank discussed market definitions and drew some research perspectives.
The Innovation and Regulation in Digital Services Chair organized, last November 21, 2012, a Research workshop on Cyber-security: Innovation, Regulation and Strategic Shifts.
Philippe Baumard (Ecole Polytechnique, Innovation & Regulation Chair) introduced this workshop and welcomed:
– Dr. JP Macintosh, Director of Programs, UCL Institute for Security and Resilience Studies
– Dr. Chris C. Demchak, Professor, Strategic Research, NWC Center for Cyber conflict studies
– Admiral Arnaud Coustillère, Cyber-Defense General Officer, Etat-Major des Armées
– Jean-Luc Moliner, Senior Vice President, Security, France Telecom-Orange
– Cédric Blancher, Senior Cyber-Security Expert, EADS Group
– John Mallery, Research Scientist, MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory.
Report on the conférence
The 2012 ICT conference took place in Paris, October 5-6 2012.
This 2-day international conference, organized by the Innovation & regulation Chair, gathered academic researchers involved in the field of the Economics of Information & Communication Technologies.
See the final programme of this conference and available presentations
The Innovation & Regulation in Digital Services Chair organized, September 26, 2012, a conference on « Internet of Things ». It gathered together academics and professionals and addressed both on going developments and legal and standardization issues.
Programme of the conference and presentations
This conference was also associated with an edition of Communication & Strategies journal, dedicated to Internet of Things where some of the presentations are published :
Eric Barbry, The Internet of Things, Legal aspects.
Jérôme Couturier, Davide Sola, Giovanni Scarso Borioli, Cristina Raiciu, How can the Internet of Things help to overcome current healthcare Challenges.
Antonio Manzalini, Roberto Minerva, Vânia Gonçalves, Halos Networks : A competitive way to Internet of-with things.
Gilles Privat, Extending the Internet of Things
The last event proposed by the Chair, June 13th, 2012, addressed recent developments on behavioral economics: how this research could efficiently be applied to determine regulation policy. Paul Heidhues, Professor, Lufthansa Chair in Competition and Regulation, EMST (European School of Management and Technology) from September 2012, has presented his research. The presentation of Paul Heidhues was structured in two parts: the first one presenting the works he did for regulators or competition authorities in Europe, showing how the inclusion of behavioral biases of individuals can help to implement more effective regulations; the second part, presenting his most recent research
The Innovation & Regulation in Digital Services Chair organized, last June 5, 2012, a one day international conference on “Patent statistics, innovation management and IPR”. Presentations are available.
After the conference he organized last November 2011 in the framework of the Innovation & Regulation in Digital Services Chair events, Gerald Lang propose today a position paper on Multi-Channel Retail.
How do retailers adopt the recent technology developments linked to the internet and the e-commerce and the changing expectations of their customers towards multi-channel retailing? The technological developments oblige retailers to adapt their operational structures, resources and know-how in terms of customer relationship management, logistics, supply chain management etc. Furthermore, the diverging economic models on the different channels have to be aligned, and specific regulatory issues on the different channels have to be integrated. The chair asked G. Lang to write a position paper on these issues to provide an overlook of the literature and a broad overview of the different aspects and their interaction shaping the actual situation and ongoing trends in the sector.
The position paper.
The Innovation & Regulation in Digital Services Chair organized, with Labex ICCA and the GIS Culture-Média & Numérique, a one day conference, December 13th, 2011, on: “Prospects for the Digital Press“.
This conference was an opportunity for dialogue between professionals and researchers on developments, emerging economic models which entil a revision of skills, contents, and reader’s expectations.
Find here the presentations of Andra Leurdijk and Jean-Marie-Charon
Find here the presentations proposed at the conference organized by the Innovation & Regulation in Digital Services Chair, in Paris,November 3rd 2011, on “Multi-channel retailing : Managing store and online sales channels and their distinctive business models“.
Presentations were given, inter alia, by :
– Gerrit Heinemann (Professor, Hochschule Niederrhein, Germany, Director of the eWeb Research Center)
– François Momboisse (FNAC, président de la FEVAD)
– Guy Gras (Yves Rocher, président de la Fédération Française de la Franchise)
– Gérard Cliquet (Professeur, Université de Rennes)
– Julien Morel (Nespresso France, Directeur des Opérations)
– Pierre-Jean Benghozi (Directeur du pôle de recherche en économie et gestion de l’Ecole polytechnique, Responsable de la Chaire Innovation & Régulation à l’École Polytechnique)
– Gerald Lang (Professeur, BEM Bordeaux Management School, Chercheur Associé à l’École polytechnique)
Find here the presentations proposed at the conference organized by the Innovation & Regulation in Digital Services Chair, in Paris, Sept 30th and Oct 1st, 2011, on the Economics of Information & Communication Technologies.
This 2-day international conference where theoretical, empirical as well as policy-oriented articles were presented, gathered academic researchers involved in the field of the economics of Information & Communication Technologies.
Keynote speakers were Alessandro Acquisti (Carnegie Mellon) and Luis Cabral (New York University and IESE)
The “Innovation and Regulation in Digital Services” Chair, welcomed, September 13th, 2011, in Paris, experts from the Institute for Prospective Technological Studies, one of the seven scientific institutes of the European Commission’s Joint Research Centre (JRC) for a conference on videogame industry. Jean-Paul Simon, Giuditta de Prato et Claudio Feijoo presented their works on the Evolving Video Games Software Ecosystem.
Download the presentations :
– Jean-Paul Simon : “The economics of the video games industry”
– Giuditta de Prato : “Updating Business Models: Innovation through Online Games”
– Claudio Feijo : “GamingMobile Gaming : An overview of the ecosystem”
The seminar was followed by an academic expert workshop devoted to the analysis of the various aspects of the videogame industry.
Download the presentations :
Processus d’innovation Business Model dans l’industrie du jeu vidéo. Chahira MEHOUACHI, DRM, Université Paris-Dauphine ; Patrick COHENDET, Mosaic, HEC Montréal ; BETA, Université de Strasbourg, Pierre-Jean BENGHOZI, CRG, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS
Effets de la convergence d’industries sur le choix stratégique associé à l’organisation du processus d’innovation : Le cas du jeu vidéo et du cinéma d’animation. Romain GANDIA, Enseignant Chercheur, Groupe ESC Chambéry.
Introduction au phénomène du Machinima du point de vues des économistes. Massimiliano GAMBARDELLA, EconomiX, Université de Paris Ouest – Nanterre La Défense.
Les jeux vidéo : une filière des industries culturelles ? Eléments de cadrage, hypothèses et perspectives de recherches. Lucien PERTICOZ , GRESEC – Université Stendhal Grenoble 3.
La technologie comme outil créatif : les enseignements du processus de création dans l’industrie du jeu vidéo. Patrick Lê-HEC Schoolof management, David Massé-PREG-CRG Ecole polytechnique, Simon Berthet-Bondet -PREG-CRG Ecole polytechnique, Thomas Paris -HEC School of management/PREG-CRG Ecole polytechnique Innovation.
Techniques d’arnaques et régulations techniques dans un MMORPG aux enjeux de réputation limités. Bruno VETEL, Telecom-ParisTech
Workshop organized by the Innovation and Regulation in Digital Services Chair, Paris, 16 March 2011
The workshop was devoted to integrate the economic analysis of network industries with accounting, law and economics.
The first panel explored the role of accounting structures in innovation corporate processes. Y. Biondi and P. Giannoccolo presented a heuristic model based upon complementarities, coopetition and intangibles to analyze these processes, with implications for antitrust regulation, costing and pricing. G. Marzo further clarified this role by exploring accounting notions and methods concerned with intangible resources related to knowledge and innovation from the perspective of several theories of the firm, including the firm as an entity. In this context, A. Arlandis and S. Ciriani analyzed the telecommunications industry by functional layers, with specific attention to operating margins, and investments in R&D and innovation, by geographical location and allocation between Europe, Asia, and USA.
The second panel approached industrial dynamics of coordination and innovation from the viewpoints of the regulator and the judge, through an institutional comparative analysis between France and USA. F. Marty compared antitrust decisions in these countries by analyzing cases of dominant position abuse and margin squeeze. Th. Kirat compared judicial decisions concerned with litigations on costing and pricing in public procurement cases.
The third panel discussed recent trends in telecommunications industry. F. Lirzin and S. Reiche elaborated three scenarios for internet (integration and segregation of corporate networks; market organization of them; free and open access), and their implications for social and economic regulations. R. Lilia and D. Flacher analyzed tariff complexity in telecommunications offers and its implications for consumer welfare and competitive analysis, through an empirical application to Tunisian case.
The fourth and last panel approached innovative investment processes in network industries. Ch. Müller developed a comparative international analysis of notions, methods and practices of incentive tariff-making of these processes in energy sector, with specific attention to the German case. M. Feizi presented a simultaneous (à la Nash) and sequential (à la Stackelberg) game-theoretical model of the game between regulating Authority and regulated firm on tariff-making and updating over time.
The “Groupe d’Intérêt Scientifique: Culture-Media & Numerique”, the Department of studies, forecasting, and statistics (ministry of Culture and Communication) and the “Innovation & Regulation in Digital Services” Chair (Ecole Polytechnique, Telecom ParisTech and Orange) organised the 5th Day on Economics of culture. It took place in Paris, at the Centre Pompidou, on Tuesday February 8th, 2011.
This new edition of the Days on Economics of culture, introduced by F. Mitterand, the French Minister of Culture and Communication, addressed the way in which the digital revolution restructures regulations – in particular with regard competition policies -, sectors, business models and markets in the culture and media field.
Presentations proposed at the Conférence are now available (in French) :
Le numérique : enjeux des questions de concurrence.
Anne Perrot, Vice-Présidente de l’Autorité de la Concurrence
Quelles formes d’exclusivités pour les contenus audiovisuels ?
Pascal Wilhelm, avocat, cabinet Wilhelm & Associés
Marchés de plates-formes et intégration verticale
Xavier Wauthy, Facultés universitaires Saint-Louis, CORE, Université catholique de Louvain
Infomédiaires et éditeurs de contenu : entre coopération et concurrence
Franck Rebillard, Université Sorbonne Nouvelle Paris 3
Les nouvelles intermédiations techniques: l’exemple des jeux vidéo
Jean Paul Simon, European Commission – Joint Research Centre Institute for Prospective Technological Studies – IPTS
Agrégation, référencement et infomédiation. La place des agrégateurs dans les nouveaux marchés : le cas de la vidéo
Laurent Sorbier, Directeur général de MySkreen
Convergence numérique et redéfinition des marchés pertinents : quel partage des rôles entre politiques de concurrence et régulation sectorielle ?
Frédéric MARTY CNRS –GREDEG (Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis)
La pratique des autorités de concurrence face à la révolution numérique
Olivier SAUTEL (Microeconomix), Chercheur associé à l’OFCE
Mutations des réseaux et effets sur le marché des contenus.
Thierry Pénard, Université de Rennes 1, CREM, Marsouin
See the conference proceedings publisied in Concurrences, n°3-20
In the framework of its seminars cycle, the Innovation & Regulation in Digital Services Chair, welcomed, november 30th, 2010 Nico van Eijk, Professor, Institute for Information Law (IvIR), University of Amsterdam. Nico’s presentation addressed the issue of Duty of Care for Internet service providers.
The research, lead by Nico van Eijk, provides an outlook on the possible options for the future commitments of ISP and hosts and support the discussions with the various industrial players involved in the security of the internet.
Comparative analysis between the Nederland, France, the UK, and Germany has been structured following five tracks (network security and integrity of systems , the role of ISPs in the protection of copyright, pedo-pornography, identity fraud and sale of stolen goods on auction sites) in order to understand the role of governments and the grounds of the approaches they selected (regulation , self -regulation , co -regulation and the role of technology).
On September 15, 2010, the Innovation & Regulation Chair held a conference on “Search and Web Advertising Strategies and Their Effect on Consumers”. The event took place on the campus of Télécom ParisTech, and featured seven presentations, given by a group of researchers from some of the world’s foremost centers of expertise in this fascinating area of research, spanning the fields of economics, marketing and computer science.
On June 23rd, 2010, the Chair welcomed Pr Michel J.G. van Eeten, Professor of Public Administration in the School of Technology, Policy and Management, Delft University of Technology. He gave a presentation on the role of the Internet Services Providers in Internet Security. He proposed a presentation on the role of the Internet Service Providers on Internet security.
The role of Internet Service Providers in botnet mitigation: an empirical analysis based on spam data
Paper presented by at seminar of the Chair Innovation and Regulation of Digital Services 23 June 2010
OECD Working paper : Economics of malware: security decisions, incentives and externalities. STI Working paper – 2008
Information and Communication Technologies Michel J.G. van Eeten and Johannes M. Bauer
The Innovation and Regulation in Digital Services Chair organized, last June 15th, within the framework of the GIS ?Culture-Media & Numérique? and in partnership with the CEPN-University Paris 13, a seminar on “the economic models of the book and the digital economy”. It joined together more than one hundred people. The presentations aimed at exploring the economic models before wondering about the right regulation able to accompany the digital evolution.
If it is possible to draw the first conclusions from the impacts of the digital evolution on the music industry (collapse of the sales of CDs, revival in the concerts, reorganization of the Majors, but also multiplication of the offerings, domination of the aggregation and regulation platforms, competition between business models), what about the Book industry ? The case of the book and the text could be more symbolic than the music and the video case because the digital evolution makes it possible to enrich the text and to deeply transform the usual formats, the platforms becoming as much platforms of production that of diffusion.
Report on the conference and presentations (documents in French)
In recent years, social media has become ubiquitous and important for social networking and content sharing. In particular they exemplify new means for cooperation and production of content, calling for specific gouvernance. Moreover, social media content can be used to predict real-world outcomes.
The session was dedicated to the Management and gouvernance of social networks and digital communities.
We had the pleasure to welcome
Bernardo HUBERMAN – Director of the Social Computing Lab at Hewlett-Packard Laboratories and a Consulting Professor in the Department of Applied Physics at Stanford University
And
Paul DAVID – Titular Professor of the chair. Professor of Economics (Emeritus), Stanford University & Senior Fellow , Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research
The seminar was introduced by Pierre-Jean BENGHOZI and discussed by Jean-Michel DALLE.
Summary of the conference and the following workshop
The digital economy is in search of new business models. More and more often, the new services are offered while at the same time, the sustainability of their operation is not guaranteed: the innovators are in search of the formulae which will allow to put in front of the production cost of these services, the incomes which the market will be able of generate.
Furthermore, on more and more activities, various business models are tested. Competition between business models is emerging: the competition is slipping from the services themselves to the business models which can reveal a solvency of the consumers and extract revenues. Innovations relate to the business models as much as the products and the services themselves. The innovation in products and services, organization processes, and markets structure now have to be combined with the innovation in the business models.
On December 18th, 2009, the Chair organsed a seminar with two objectives:
– First to address innovation in terms of business models, to analyze this emerging market of business models, to address incidentally the question of their protection and to attempt to characterize the business models involved the digital economy;
– Secondly, to produce an analysis from two types of markets responding to different logics, the European and Chinese markets.
The comparison of the cultural environments of the business models should constitute an interesting field of study, not only for the analysis of innovation processes in the business models, but also for the identification of the structures which can allow their classification.
This seminar is organized by the I & R Chair with participation of Beijing university.
The Innovation & Regulation Chair of digital services (Ecole Polytechnique, Paris & Telecom ParisTech) and the International Journal of Communications Law and Policy (IJCLP) organised a first joint Workshop on Interoperability which took place on June 23-24, 2009 in Paris, France. Students, scholars, policy-makers, technologists, practitioners and industry representatives were invited to participate on interoperability related issues, analyzed from a legal, economic and/or technological perspective.
Presentations
Urs Gasser, Law Ewecutive Director, Berkman Center and St Gallen
ICT Interoperability and e-Innovation
Mario Carugi, Vice President ITU, Senior Advisor Nortel
Some ITU-T standardization topics and related interoperability aspects
Nicolo Zingales, Berkeley University, Bocconi University
DRM Misuse
Jean-Pierre Témime, Deputy CTO, Orange Group
Fragmentation vs Interoperability
Mikko Valimaki, Professor, Helsinki University of Technology
How to license interoperability? A start-up perspective
Bruno Jullien, IDEI, Toulouse School of Economics
Monetizing Business Assets in Multisided Markets: An Economic Perspective
Philippe Baumard, PREG-CRG, Chaire Innovation & Regulation des Services Numériques
Service making vs Interoperability
Cecilio Madero-Villarejo, Director-DG Competition-European Commission
The Microsoft case
Carlo Piana, Lawyer
Interoperability, Open standards, free software after Microsoft
Mark Lange, Senior Officer Microsoft
Ashwin Vanrooijen, Clifford Chance
The So’ware Interface between Copyright and Competition Law. A Legal Analysis of Interoperability in Computer Programs
Laura DeNandis, Yale Information Society Project
PREG-CRG organized with the Innovation and Regulation Chair its 20th seminar on innovation.
Paul David, Titular Professor, Innovation & Regulaton in Digital Services Chair-Ecole Polytechnique et Telecom ParisTech and Professor of Economics (Emeritus), Stanford University & Senior Fellow, Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research gave a presentation on :
Open and distributed innovation: Developers’ motivations and stygmergic coordination in large Libre software projects.
B. Coriat was discussant
The relationship between technical standards and behavioral and societal norms governing usage of the Internet, and other networked telecommunications facilities, is extremely complex. These two modes of “regulation” can be viewed both as substitutes and as complements in a static sense. That is true also in the dynamic sense, but technical standards that may substitute for behavioral norms in the short-run can induce new (or transform pre-existing) institutionalized social norms ? and in that respect are dynamic complements. This is only the beginning of the complexities.
“Standards” of all kinds possess some of the properties that economists associate with “pure public goods”, but one should distinguish conceptually among technical reference standards, technical safety standards, and technical inter-operability or so-called “interface” standards. In practice, most formal standards (whether of the de jure regulatory form or specifications accepted de facto by industry) possess elements of more than one of these three idealized types. Although in each case their public goods properties carries the implication that competitive markets cannot be relied upon to provide standards efficiently, the form of the “market failure” and resulting inefficiency is likely to be quite different — depending upon whether or not the standard in question governs a system (or sub-system) characterized by the presence of significant network externality effects.
In the latter case, which applies particularly to “interoperability” standards (whether technical or behavioral), the problem is that market processes give rise to positive dynamic feedbacks leading to de facto “regulations” that may be socially suboptimal, both from an engineering efficiency viewpoint and because they may inhibit the future competitive entry of technological and organizational innovations. Granting intellectual property rights protections to inventions that become embedded in “standards” further exacerbates this problem. By contrast, in the case of case of safety and security standards, and reference standards, the more likely form of market failure is a chronic under-provision of socially desirable standards.
Careful attention to the specifics of the technical and social context of standardization initiatives, consequently, must be seen to be essential for appropriate public policy analysis and standard-setting action. In this regard, it is fortunate that the development of the economics of standards and standardization during the past 15 years has been marked by an increasing focus upon empirical research. The results appearing in the research literature have made evident the general relevance of positive network externality effects of the kind that during the late 1980′s and early 1990′s became the focus of theoretical explorations in this emerging field. But, in doing so, these research advances also have revealed the multiplicity of different structural conditions and the corresponding variations in the strength of positive feedback externalities among the many specific sub-markets that constitute the digital economy.
The Chair organised, jointly with VoxInternet, on March 31th, 2009, a seminar on the Technical regulation of the Internet. This seminar was introduced by Paul A. David, Professor of Economics (Emeritus), Stanford University & Professeur Titulaire, Chaire Innovation et Regulation.
The digital development has fundamentally changed the relationship between the producer and the consumer. Moreover, the economic and managerial literature analyse this evolution in distribution (platform, multisided…) and in its regulation.
The issues of the vertical integration and its effects on competition are not only to be found in the Internet but also in business, transportations and telecommunications. The problem comes from companies that have a great part of the market share as Internet Service Provider and as content provider. As Internet Service Provider the company can abuse its dominant market position to restrict the competition between content providers. A simple solution to prevent this kind of abuse is not to allow the Internet Service Provider price and quality discrimination. Most of the Internet Service Providers offer a non discriminatory monthly rate but this tariff can be changed. Thereby, the net neutrality designs the fact that the Internet must be available to everyone and everything except discrimination of price and quality. On the contrary, the opponents of the net neutrality defend the idea that there is no need to redouble the control of ex post anti-competitive behaviour by ex ante rules. In addition one must not forget that the costumer knows how to respond to discrimination (price and quality) of the network operators: He can avoid it (by multiplying the points of access), give wrong information (distinguish himself as a cheap client) or modify his consumption. Finally, the net neutrality could reduce the incentives to innovation (because of the fixed cost of infrastructure).
Therefore net neutrality relates to the issues of vertical relations in the retail trade. The ISP will thereby be the distributor (the ISP are in reality the distributors in opposition to the content providers): He has access to the consumer, and the consumer has to put up with a fixed change cost, and the distributor can choose the sold products or sell them at different prices. If the material distribution might discriminate, why impose the neutrality to the Internet? Henceforth, this conference will address three series of questions:
Position Paper : La régulation des relations fournisseurs-distributeurs dans le commerce de détail en France, Maya Bacache, Télécom ParisTech, janvier 2009.
The Innovation & Regulation Chair organised a seminar, on Febrary 2nd, 2009, addressing these digital distribution issues.
Programme and presentations of the Workshop
RFID is not new, neither as a new technology (more than 20 years) nor as new industrial applications. Nevertheless, RFID did not reach all expected applications. Numerous and various prototypes and trials are promising but there are no broad implementations yet. We propose to question about factors influencing the spreading of this technology and effects of RFID solutions on organizations and value chains. During a workshop organized last December 12th, 2008, the work was structured on three main thematics:
1 – Regulation and governance
a – technical stakes and standardization
b – regulation : role of public institutions (States, EU,FDA,…)
c – privacy and ethics
2 – Impacts on processes :
a – Strategic dimension of projects
b – Logistics and organizational design
c – Marketing and innovation
3 – Impacts on value chains : health sector case
a – Comparison between European and US situation.
b – Sector regulation
c – Decreasing of medical errors and improvements of medical care
d – Risks, security and players responsibility
e – Costs control and process rationalization.
The Regulation of Digital Services organised a conference on the afternoon of December 11th , 2008, dedicated to Innovation and Regulation in ICTs.
This conférence welcomed :
– Paul David, Professor of Economics (Emeritus) at Stanford University, Emeritus Fellow of All Souls College, Oxford,and Titular Professor in the Chair of Innovation and Regulation of Digital Services, and
– Marshall van Alstyne, Associate Professorin the scool of management at Boston University and Visiting Professor at MIT,
and the video-conference participation of
– Philippe Aghion, Professor of Economics at Harvard University, and
– Nicholas Economides, Professor of Economics at Stern School of Business, New York University,
Conference proceedings and programme features:
– Brief introduction of the programme of the Chair and conference : Alain Vallée, Paul David
– Innovation, openness & platform control, with Marshall van Alstyne,
– ICT services, innovation, and economic growth, with Philippe Aghion,
– Effects of non-neutrality and price discrimination in network services, with Nicolas Economides
– Networked digital technology diffusion in Europe’s public sector, with Paul David
– Conclusive remarks: Pierre-Jean Benghozi, Laurent Gille.
Programme and presentations of October 2008 seminar.
There are many ways to examine how telecommunications infrastructure, including broadband, relates to economic development. One that comes in mind is a country’s global competitiveness, and index for measuring such competitiveness ranks business competitiveness across countries compared with infrastructure development. But if we want to better understand the effects of information communications technology (ICT) on economic growth and productivity, we might consider the broader context in which ICT is deployed and the conditions under which it has most effectively contributed to economic growth.
Public initiatives and regulators policies have a great importance on the telecommunications infrastructures deployment, while developing a vision and global strategy, investing in infrastructure or stimulating these investments, promoting universal service and proposing government services (healthcare, education..).
Infrastructure Investments significantly increased from the 90s. It is especially the case in mobile networks which have a great importance in developing countries. Empirical studies also show that competition had a significant impact on network deployment.
Regulatory policies, even if real impacts are mixed from one country to another depending from specific needs and constraints, are also of great importance. Beyond the creation of an Independent Regulatory Authority, actions undertaken by this regulator allow to give credibility and sustainability to governments promotion of private investments.
Finally, business competitiveness is inextricably connected to innovation. The countries with the highest levels of competitiveness have innovation-driven economies and these countries tend to make extensive and sophisticated use of ICT.
During the last decade, telecommunications policies undoubtedly allowed to give access to a large part of the population to telecommunications services, in particular, telephony services. Nevertheless, the “digital divide” at the global level, is still a reality and emergence of new technologies has to avoid enlarging it again, especially between rural and urban zones.
To take stock on this matter and contribute to the debate, the Innovation and Regulation in Digital Services Chair organized a seminar in Paris on October 16 and 17, 2008, in order to provide a platform for researchers, professionals, regulators and policy makers to discuss the latest research in this domain. This seminar brought together representatives from Latin America, Africa, United-States and Europe, to address broadband and economic performance in developed countries, development of mobile networks in developing countries, role of market and institutions in the deployment od telecommunications infrastructures and economic development.
In this framework, the Chair asked to Lynne Holt and Mark Jamison a specific publication on Boadband and the lessons from the US experience.
The Innovation & Regulation in Digital Services Chair contributed to the Seoul UBB meeting which was designed to find ways to maximize UBB potential and at the same time minimize the accompanying risks. Special focus were placed on contents and applications, which will serve as drivers for a successful UBB scenario.Leading research in this subject was presented in Seoul by distinguished academia, industry and government researchers and planners from the US, Europe…
Programme and presentations available in French
In a digital economy which is increasingly becoming information and attention-based economy, search engines are occupying a central role shaped by the symbolic status of Google both in terms of its renown and its dominance of internet traffic.
Nevertheless, economic models and competition structures for search engines are not widely understood. Thanks to their top-heavy IT infrastructures, they come under the network economy. And because they supply service applications, they can also be classified as part of the content economy. Google’s disruptive success is down to the very fact that it has been able to innovate in the technical, service, use and business model spheres, all at the same time.
This diversity explains why it is so difficult to grasp the search engine phenomenon on a global scale. On the one hand, they orchestrate information exchanges on reading uses in return for information on readers, whilst on the other hand they orchestrate information exchanges on readers in return for advertising. Search engines bring together supply and demand for content in a fractal sense; they can insert advertising “both charged and specific” at each interaction node because there is no pre-defined referencing system.
Search engines have many different business models and present a wide variety of economic configurations. Most are based on a “free” business model which makes the search engine market very similar to the media market. It strives to reach the widest possible audience and places great importance in the creation of commercial brands to guarantee a good reputation and appeal. Competition tends to arise not only between digital players, but also in associated markets centered on advertising (e.g. the press). In such a context, the main question we need to ask is whether or not the search engine market should come under a generic set of regulations.
In other respects, compared to traditional information aggregators and databases (directories, television guides, etc.), search engines raise specific legal issues regarding the protection of intellectual property rights. However, these questions arise in a radically different way because of the technology of search engines. We have to underline that a second major source of conflict, which is both little known and often underestimated, concerns trademark law.
The traceability of search requests and consultation processes by diversifying within applications will inevitably be at odds with the rights of individuals: the more or less anonymous nature of the collected information, transparency and length of time for which the information is kept, marketing of the acquired data. Then, some defend strict regulations imposing very short limits and data storage times with a view to defending individuals and their right to keep certain pieces of information confidential. Others feel that freedom of expression and personal choices can be more successfully defended by improving service performance within a transparent context, whilst all public documents should be available by free access, without any censorship as a general principle.
Innovation and Regulation in digital services Chair, organized a seminar concerning these issues on May 16th 2008 to which academic, institutions and Internet players’ representatives did participate.
Les moteurs de recherche : quel cadre d’analyse ?, Pierre-Jean Benghozi,Ecole polytechnique, Chaire Innovation & Régulation des Services Numériques
Search engines: just another business? Nico van Eijk, Institute for Information Law (IViR), University of Amsterdam
L’internaute comme plate internaute plate-forme : éclairages sur les modèles publicitaires, Philippe Chantepie, chef du DEPS au ministère de la culture,
This seminar bring together regulators, operators and academic researchers from the United States, Korea and Europe to examine the perspective of “Ultrabroadband” (i.E. 1 Gigabit/sec). It was hosted in the framework of the new research Cair on Innovation and Regulation in the Digital Economy and jointly organized with CITI (Columbia Business School, New York), KT and Telecom Italia.
Tim Wu coined the term “network neutrality” in 2003 to describe the view that Internet Service Providers should treat all content and application providers equally, and not act to favor or block user access to particular content or services. Vigorous debate in the US has ensued on the meaning of “network neutrality” in practice, and whether policies to require it should be put in place by lawmakers or regulators.
Paris
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Joseph E. Stiglitz was born in Gary, Indiana in 1943. A graduate of Amherst College, he received his PHD from MIT in 1967, became a full professor at Yale in 1970, and in 1979 was awarded the John Bates Clark Award, given biennially by the American Economic Association to the economist under 40 who has made the most significant contribution to the field. He has taught at Princeton, Stanford, MIT and was the Drummond Professor and a fellow of All Souls College, Oxford. He is now University Professor at Columbia University in New York and Chair of Columbia University’s Committee on Global Thought. He is also the co-founder and Executive Director of the Initiative for Policy Dialogue at Columbia. In 2001, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in economics for his analyses of markets with asymmetric information.
Stiglitz was a member of the Council of Economic Advisers from 1993-95, during the Clinton administration, and served as CEA chairman from 1995-97. He then became Chief Economist and Senior Vice-President of the World Bank from 1997-2000.
Stiglitz holds a part-time appointment at the University of Manchester as Chair of the Management Board and Director of Graduate Summer Programs at the Brooks World Poverty Institute.
Stiglitz helped create a new branch of economics, “The Economics of Information”, exploring the consequences of information asymmetries and pioneering such pivotal concepts as adverse selection and moral hazard, which have now become standard tools not only of theorists, but of policy analysts. He has made major contributions to macro-economics and monetary theory, to development economics and trade theory, to public and corporate finance, to the theories of industrial organization and rural organization, and to the theories of welfare economics and of income and wealth distribution. In the 1980s, he helped revive interest in the economics of R&D.
His work has helped explain the circumstances in which markets do not work well, and how selective government intervention can improve their performance.
Recognized around the world as a leading economic educator, he has written textbooks that have been translated into more than a dozen languages. He founded one of the leading economics journals, The Journal of Economic Perspectives. His book Globalization and Its Discontents (W.W. Norton June 2001) has been translated into 35 languages and has sold more than one million copies worldwide. Other recent books include The Roaring Nineties (W.W. Norton), Towards a New Paradigm in Monetary Economics (Cambridge University Press) with Bruce Greenwald, and Fair Trade for All (Oxford University Press), with Andrew Charlton. His newest book, Making Globalization Work, was published by WW Norton and Penguin/ Allen Lane in September 2006.
Credits
copyright Innovation & Regulation Chair and writers
Work Sans — Wei Huang / Principal design, Open Font License
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